머리 북친

소개

머리 북친(Murray Bookchin, 1921년 1월 14일 ~ 2006년 7월 30일)은 미국의 사상가이다. 그는 사회주의의 영향을 받은 환경운동을 주도하였으며, 아나키즘 및 자유지상주의적 사회주의, 사회생태주의 입장을 견지한 사회 이론가로서 활동하였다. 그는 생애 후반에 아나키즘과 마르크스주의를 접목시켜 커뮤널리즘(communalism)이라는 독창적 이념을 만들었다.

Murray Bookchin was an American social theorist, author, orator, historian, and political philosopher. Influenced by the works of G. W. F. Hegel, Karl Marx, and Peter Kropotkin, he was a pioneer in the environmental movement. Bookchin formulated and developed the theory of social ecology and urban planning within anarchist, libertarian socialist, and ecological thought. He was the author of two dozen books covering topics in politics, philosophy, history, urban affairs, and social ecology. Among the most important were Our Synthetic Environment (1962), Post-Scarcity Anarchism (1971), The Ecology of Freedom (1982), and Urbanization Without Cities (1987). In the late 1990s, he became disenchanted with what he saw as an increasingly apolitical "lifestylism" of the contemporary anarchist movement, stopped referring to himself as an anarchist, and founded his own libertarian socialist ideology called "communalism", which seeks to reconcile and expand Marxist, syndicalist, and anarchist thought.