존 캘훈

소개

존 캘훈(John Caldwell Calhoun, 1782년 3월 18일 ~ 1850년 3월 31일)은 미국의 정치인이며 사우스캐롤라이나주 출신으로 19세기의 전반 동안 지도적인 연방 상원, 10·11대 부통령이자 정치 철학자였다. 캘훈은 노예제, 무효법 과 노예 소유자들 같은 선거 소수자들의 권리를 위하여 영향력 있는 대변인이었다. 그의 아이디어들은 자신의 사망 10년 후에 남북 전쟁으로 이끄는 도움을 주었다.

John Caldwell Calhoun was an American statesman and political theorist who served as the seventh vice president of the United States from 1825 to 1832. Calhoun began his political career as a nationalist, modernizer and proponent of a strong federal government and protective tariffs. In the late 1820s, his views shifted, and he became a leading proponent of states' rights, limited government, nullification, and opposition to high tariffs, and distinguished himself as an outspoken defender of American slavery. Calhoun saw Northern acceptance of those policies as a condition of the South remaining in the Union. His beliefs heavily influenced the South's secession from the Union in 1860 and 1861. Calhoun was the first of two vice presidents to resign from the position, the second being Spiro Agnew, who resigned in 1973.